By Deborah L. Armstrong

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, the eighth and final leader of the Soviet Union, is dead at the age of 91.

He survived 31 years longer than the country of his birth, which he dissolved in 1991 despite a referendum of the people, who overwhelmingly voted to keep the USSR up and running.

Doubts, Death and Democracy: Mikhail Gorbachev’s Bitter-Sweet Legacy